一．强调
强调有三种形式。用句型，加助动词，倒装（略）。
1． It is (was)+强调部分+that(who) +其他成分.
e.g.
It is they who have made decisions in investment.
It is work that they really want, not charity.
It is because my present job is boring that I decided to change it.
这个句型可用来强调句中除谓语和表语外的任何成分。
2．谓语前加助动词do(does), did。
用来强调谓语动词，意为“务必”，“一定”，“确实”等。此时动词要用原形。
e.g.
He does like noodles.
She did send the letter to him.
二．复合句及从句
复合句由主句加从句构成。一般地，英语句子只能有一个谓语动词，如有两个谓语，则另一个谓语只能以从句、并列句或非谓语动词的形式出现。从句须有从属连词连接。从句根据其性质和作用分为三大类：名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句），定语从句和状语从句。
1．名词性从句
名词性从句在主句中等于一个名词。
1）主语从句
主要考查引导词和主句的谓语动词。如：
whether he will come to the meeting is up to his boss.
What you have said is quite true.
That the Earth moves around the Sun is well-known to everybody.
同时须注意主语从句的一些常见句型。如：
It is reported that …
It is likely that …
It happens that …
2）宾语从句
主要考查引导词、引导词的省略及从句语序。如：
He believed that walking under a ladder brings bad luck.
We can learn what we do not know from our teachers.
I was wondering if/whether you can help me.
3）同位语从句（名词性从句中的考查重点）。
同位语的特点是由一个抽象名词+THAT从句构成。从句用来解释说明前面的抽象名词，引导词一般是THAT。如：
e.g.
the news that our football team at last defeated Korea made the fans wild with joy.
There is much evidence that the crime rate in this city is on the rise.
2.定语从句（名词性从句中的考查重点）
主要考查引导词、介词+关系代词结构， 时间、地点名词为先行词的关系词。
（1） 关系词的用法：
WHO（WHOM）--- 指代“人”。
WHICH ---指代“哪个”
THAT ---指代“人或事物”。
WHEN ---指代“时间”。
WHERE ---指代“地点”。
HOW ---指代“方式、方法”。
WHOSE ---指代“所属关系”。
（2） THAT 的特殊用法
THAT 既可指人，又可指事物，就必然产生如何区分它与WHO、WHICH 在具体使用上的差异问题。一般地，指人时多用WHO（WHOM），指事物时，多用WHICH。但在下列情况下，无论人还是物，须使用THAT。
1）当先行词是all, everything, something, nothing, little, much时，
2）或被all, no, some, any, very, a few, a little, much, only, very 修饰时，
3）或先行词前有序数词和形容词最高级时，
4）当主句为特殊问句时，
5）出现一个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时。
e.g. All that you want are here.
There is no person that doesn’t make mistakes.
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
Who is the girl that is talking with Mr. Smith?
We are talking about the people and countries that we have visited.